集装箱货物的现场装箱作业，通常有三种方法：

There are usually three methods for on-site container loading operations:

A，全部用人力装箱;

A. All manually packed;

B，用叉式装卸车(铲车)搬进箱内再用人力堆装;

B. Use a fork lift truck (forklift) to move it into the box and then manually stack it;

C,全部用机械装箱，如货板(托盘)货用叉式装卸车在箱内堆装。这三种方式中，第三种方法理想，装卸率高，发生货损事故少。

C. All goods are packed mechanically, such as pallets and forklifts, which are stacked inside the box. Among these three methods, the third method is ideal, with high loading and unloading rates and fewer cargo damage accidents.

济南集装箱装箱作业时应注意的事项：

Precautions for container loading operations in Jinan:

1、在货物装箱时，任何情况下箱内所装货物的重量不能超过集装箱的大装载量，集装箱的大装货重量由集装箱的总重减去集装箱的自重求得;总重和自重一般都标在集装箱的箱门上;

1. When packing goods, the weight of the goods inside the container must not exceed the maximum loading capacity of the container under any circumstances. The maximum loading weight of the container is determined by subtracting its own weight from the total weight of the container; The total weight and self weight are generally marked on the door of the container;

2、每个集装箱的单位容重是一定的，因此如箱内装载一种货物时，只要知道货物密度，就能断定是重货还是轻货。货物密度大于箱的单位容重的是重货，装载的货物以重量计算，反之货物密度小于箱的单位容重的是轻货，装载的货物以容积计算。及时区分这两种不同的情况，对提高装箱效率是很重要的;

2. The unit weight of each container is fixed, so when a type of cargo is loaded inside the container, as long as the density of the cargo is known, it can be determined whether it is heavy or light cargo. Heavy goods are those with a density greater than the unit weight of the box, and loaded goods are calculated by weight. Conversely, light goods are those with a density less than the unit weight of the box, and loaded goods are calculated by volume. It is important to distinguish between these two different situations in a timely manner to improve packing efficiency;

3、装载时要使箱底上的负荷平衡，箱内负荷不得偏于一端或一侧，特别是要严格禁止负荷偏在一端的情况;

3. When loading, the load on the bottom of the box should be balanced, and the load inside the box should not deviate from one end or one side, especially when the center of gravity of the load is strictly prohibited from deviating from one end;

4、要避免产生集中载荷，如装载机械设备等重货时，箱底应铺上木板等衬垫材料，尽量分散其负荷。标准集装箱底面平均单位面积的负荷大致如下：20英尺集装箱为1330x9.8N/m，40英尺集装箱为980x9.8N/m2;

4. To avoid generating concentrated loads, such as when loading heavy goods such as machinery and equipment, the bottom of the box should be covered with lining materials such as wooden boards to disperse the load as much as possible. The average safety load per unit area of the bottom of a standard container is roughly as follows: 1330x9.8N/m for a 20 foot container and 980x9.8N/m2 for a 40 foot container;

5、用人力装货时要注意包装上有无“不可倒置”、“平放”、“竖放”等装卸指示标志。要正确使用装货工具，捆包货禁止使用手钩。箱内所装的货物要装载整齐、紧密堆装。容易散捆和包装脆弱的货物，要使用衬垫或在货物间插入胶合板，防止货物在箱内移动;

5. When using manual loading, it is necessary to pay attention to whether there are loading and unloading instructions such as "not to invert", "flat", and "vertical" on the packaging. To use loading tools correctly, it is prohibited to use hand hooks when bundling goods. The goods inside the box should be neatly loaded and tightly stacked. Goods that are prone to loose bundling and fragile packaging should be cushioned or plywood inserted between the goods to prevent them from moving inside the box;

6、装载货板货时要确切掌握集装箱的内部尺寸和货物包装的外部尺寸，以便计算装载件数，达到尽量减少弃位、多装货物的目的;

6. When loading pallet cargo, it is necessary to accurately grasp the internal dimensions of the container and the external dimensions of the cargo packaging, in order to calculate the number of loaded pieces and achieve the goal of minimizing waste and loading more cargo as much as possible;

7、用叉式装卸车装箱时，将受到机械的自由提升高度和门架高度的限制。在条件允许的情况下，叉车装箱可一次装载两层，但上下应留有一定的间隙.

7. When using a forklift for loading and unloading, it will be limited by the free lifting height of the machinery and the height of the gantry. If conditions permit, forklifts can load two layers at once, but there should be a certain gap between the top and bottom

集装箱装载时如果忽视了货物特性和包装状态，或由于操作不当等原因，也往往会发生货损事故，特别是在内陆地区装载的集装箱，由于装箱人不了解海上运输时集装箱的状态，其装载方法通常都不符合海上运输的要求，从而引起货损事故的发生，这种实例很多，因此有关的注意事项要多去了解！还有什么事情随时联系我们 //www.arapidia.com咨询！

If the characteristics and packaging status of the goods are ignored during container loading, or due to improper operation and other reasons, cargo damage accidents often occur, especially for containers loaded in inland areas. Due to the lack of understanding of the container's state during sea transportation by the container loader, the loading method usually does not meet the requirements of sea transportation, leading to the occurrence of cargo damage accidents. There are many examples of this, so it is necessary to learn more about the relevant precautions! Feel free to contact us if you have anything else //www.arapidia.com consulting service