Classification by materials used

　　根据箱子主体部件（侧壁、端壁、箱顶等）采用什么材料，就叫做什么材料制造的集装箱，按使用材料分类，集装箱可分成三种：

　　According to the materials used for the main parts of the box (side wall, end wall, top, etc.), the container is called the container made of what materials. According to the classification of materials used, the container can be divided into three types:

　　（1）铝合金集装箱，优点是重量轻，外表美观，防腐蚀，弹性好，加工方便以及加工费、修理费低，使用年限长；缺点是造价高，焊接性能差；

　　(1) Aluminum alloy container has the advantages of light weight, beautiful appearance, corrosion resistance, good elasticity, convenient processing, low processing cost and repair cost, long service life, high cost and poor welding performance;

　　（2）钢制集装箱，优点是强度大，结构牢，焊接性高，水密性好，低廉；缺点是重量大、防腐性差；

　　(2) The advantages of steel container are high strength, solid structure, high weldability, good water tightness and low price, but its disadvantages are heavy weight and poor corrosion resistance;

　　（3）玻璃钢制集装箱，优点是强度大，刚性好，内容积大，隔热、防腐、耐化学性好，易清扫，修理简便；缺点是重量大，易老化，拧螺栓处强度降低。

　　(3) FRP container has the advantages of high strength, good rigidity, large volume of contents, good heat insulation, corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, easy cleaning and easy repair; the disadvantages are high weight, easy aging, and low strength at the screw bolt.

　　按使用目的分类

　　Classification by purpose of use

　　1普通集装箱

　　1 general container

　　普通集装箱，又称干货集装箱（dry container）以装运件杂货为主，通常用来装运文化用品、日用百货、医药、纺织品、工艺品、化工制品、五金交电、电子机械、仪器及机器零件等。这种集装箱占集装箱总数的70 ~ 80%。除了冷冻货、活的动物、植物之外，在尺寸、重量等方面适合集装箱运输的货物，均可使用干货集装箱。

　　Ordinary containers, also known as dry containers, are mainly used to transport general cargo, usually used to transport cultural goods, daily necessities, medicine, textiles, handicrafts, chemical products, hardware and electrical, electronic machinery, instruments and machine parts, etc. This kind of container accounts for 70-80% of the total number of containers. In addition to frozen goods, live animals and plants, dry containers can be used for goods suitable for container transportation in terms of size and weight.

　　2冷冻集装箱

　　2 refrigerated container

　　冷冻集装箱（reefer container）分外置和内置式两种。温度可在-60℃ ~ +30℃之间调整。内置式集装箱在运输过程中可随意启动冷冻机，使集装箱保持指定温度；而外置式则必须依靠集装箱专用车、船和专用堆场、车站上配备的冷冻机来制冷。这种箱子适合在夏天运输黄油、巧克力、冷冻鱼肉、炼乳、人造奶油等物品。

　　There are two types of reefer container: external and internal. The temperature can be adjusted from - 60 ℃ to + 30 ℃. In the process of transportation, the built-in container can start the refrigerator at will to keep the specified temperature of the container, while the external type must rely on the refrigerator equipped on the container special vehicle, ship, special storage yard and station to cool. This box is suitable for transporting butter, chocolate, frozen fish, condensed milk, margarine and other items in summer.

　　3开顶集装箱

　　3 open top container

　　开顶集装箱,又称敞顶集装箱、开顶柜（open top container），这种集装箱没有箱顶，但有可折式顶梁支撑的帆布、塑料布或涂塑布制成的顶篷，可用起重机从箱顶上面装卸货物，开顶箱顶部可开启或无固定项面的集装箱，装运时用防水布覆盖顶部，其水密要求和干货箱一样。适合于装载玻璃板、钢制品、机械等重货。

　　Open top container, Also known as open top container, this kind of container does not have a top, but has a top made of canvas, plastic cloth or plastic coated cloth supported by a folding top beam. It can be loaded and unloaded from the top of the container by a crane. For a container with a top that can be opened or has no fixed surface, the top is covered with waterproof cloth during shipment. Its water tightness requirement is the same as that of a dry container. Suitable for loading glass plate, steel products, machinery and other heavy goods.

　　4框架集装箱

　　4 frame container

　　框架集装箱（flat rack container）没有箱顶和两侧，其特点是从集装箱侧面进行装卸。以超重货物为主要运载对象，还便于装载牲畜，以及诸如钢材之类可以免除外包装的裸装货。还可以便于大型超宽，超高货物的吊装。

　　The frame container has no top and two sides. It is characterized by loading and unloading from the side of the container. It is mainly used to transport overweight goods, and it is also convenient to load livestock, as well as naked goods such as steel which can be exempted from external packaging. It can also facilitate the hoisting of large and super wide and super high cargoes.

　　5牲畜集装箱

　　5 livestock container

　　牲畜集装箱（pen container）这种箱子侧面采用金属网，通风条件良好，而且便于喂食。是专为装运牛、马等活动物而制造的特殊集装箱。

　　Pen container is a kind of box with metal mesh on the side, which is well ventilated and easy to feed. It is a special container specially made for transporting cattle, horses and other moving objects.

　　6罐式集装箱

　　6 tank container

　　罐式集装箱（tank container）又称液体集装箱。是为运输食品、药品、化工品等液体货物而制造的特殊集装箱。其结构是在一个金属框架内固定上一个液罐。标准罐是一种安装于紧固外部框架内的不锈钢压力容器。罐体内胆大多采用316不锈钢制造。多数罐箱有蒸气或电加热装置，惰性气体保护装置，减压装置及其它流体运输及装卸所需的可选设备。

　　Tank container is also called liquid container. It is a special container for the transportation of liquid goods such as food, medicine and chemicals. Its structure is to fix a liquid tank in a metal frame. The international standard tank is a stainless steel pressure vessel installed in the fastening external frame. Most of the tanks are made of 316 stainless steel. Most tanks are equipped with steam or electric heating device, inert gas protection device, pressure relief device and other optional equipment for fluid transportation and handling.